Ramming machine for preparation of solid and hollow bodies from ceramic, concrete, and like material



June 27-, 1933. p RlcHTER 1,915,475

RAMMING MACHINE FOR PREPARATION OF SOLID AND HOLLOW BODIES FROM CERAMIC, CONCRETE, AND LIKE MATERIALS Filed May 6, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.1.

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RAMMING MACHINE FOR PREPARATION OF SOLID AND HOLLOW BODIES FROM CERAMIC, CONCRETE, AND LIKE MATERIALS Filed May 6, 1931 5 Sheetsfiheet. 5

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jw f% His #0 0 m Patented June 27, 1933 A UNITED STATES PATENT OF I PAUL RICHTER, OF EREITOL, GERMANY me momma rosa ranreanrron on SOLID Am) HOLLOW, BODIES mom CERAMIC, concaern, AND LIKE MATERIAL Application filed. May 6, 1931, Serial No. 535,475, and in Great Britain April 10,1931.

This invention relates to a ramming machine for the preparation of solid and hollow bodies from ceramic, concrete and like materials, and has for its object to provide an improved machine.

According to this invention, the ramming machine consists of a frame supporting a counterweighted slide frame provided with vertical guides, crossheads are mounted upon said guides being spaced apart by a main spring and auxiliary springs, a ramme'rdepends from the lower crosshead, the upper crosshead is connected to a crankshaft and means areprovided for raising or lowering theslide vframe in relation to the frame during the drive whereby the length of the stroke of the ramming rod can be varied so that when the rammer reaches the upper edge of the mould the strikingpower is reduced, so avoiding, as often happens, a blow of the rammer on the edge of'the mould, causing deformationat the mould edge and in some cases damage to the machine.

The machine is preferably mounted on a stand or carriage in such a manner that the frame, is free to revolve and or move horizontally or. eccentrically when dealing with certain kinds of work.

. The means for raising or lowering the'slide framein relation to the frame preferably consists of" a toothed member slidably mounted in guide slots on bolts fixed to the frame, and a lever or operating handle, s connected to the said toothed rod moving sameinto engagement with a locking member integral with the sliding frame whereby the toothed rod and sliding frame can be raised or lowered together while the machme is in operation.

The accompanymg drawings illustrate one form of construction, in which, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine with part enlarged for clearness; Fig. 2 is a plan of the carriage ,Fig. 3' is a plan of the enlarged part of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the locking means for the ground wheel, and Fig.

5 is a front view of Fig. 1.

-' The frame 1 isprovided with vertical guides-2 and-a pair of pulleys 3 at the fro and'a single pulley 4 at the rear.

Loosely mounted upon the vertical guides 2 is a slidable frame 5 which is suspended from the frame 1 by means of cables 6 passing over the pulleys '8' and then joined together to a single cable, which latter, passes over the pulley eat the rear and is attached to a counterweight 7, moving in guides 8 carried by the frame 1.

The slidable frame 5 is provided with vertical guides 9, for receiving crossheads 10 no and 11, which arespa-c'ed' apart by means of a main spring 12 interposed between the crossheads 10 and 11 at the centre, and auxiliary springs 13 and 14 mounted on rods 15 and 16 depending from the upper crosshead 10 and interposed between the lower crosshead 11 and a flange 17 at the'base of each rod 15 and 16. A rod 11a depending from the lower crosshead 11 is provided wit arammer 71b. 7

The upper crosshead lOis connected toa crankshaft 18 which in turn is provided with a pulley 19 driven from an electric motor 20 by means of an endless belt 21. Saidmotor 20 is mounted upon a bracket 5a carried by tion. The teeth 23 at thefront of the machine are directed downwardly, and the teeth 24 at the rear are directed upwardly, and either set of teeth are adapted to engage with a bridge piece 28 integral with the slidable frame 5 by means of pawls 29 or 30 integral. with the bridge piece 28. I A hand lever 31 is pivotally mounted on the uprights of the frame 1' and is connected "to the bar- 22by means of a link 32.for raising or lowering the bar 22 and slidableframe 5 as hereinafter set forth.

A horizontalinverted T-shaped rail 33 is secured to the uprights at each end of the frame 1' and is mounted upon a carrier 34 provided with ground wheels 35,3562. One 109 of the front ground wheels is provided with locking means for holding the carrier 34 stationary, consisting of recesses 36 out in the periphery of the wheel for receiving a springlcontrolled pawl 37 mountedin a frame 38 and provided with a handle 39 The rear ground wheel 35a actuates as the steering wheel, and is controlled by means of'a movable rod 40 connected to the. head of the forks 41 by means of a link 42. I

Emmi-her 34 is rovidedwith adjustable legs 43 adapted" to support the rear of the carrier when the machine is working, and

the carrier 34' can be locked to the rail 33 in any suitable manner to prevent lateral movement of the frame 1. V a

Upon the carrier 3% is a circular framework 44 supporting a turntable 15; extending upwardly from the turntable 45 are cheek plates provided withhrollers 47 and 4:8 between which is interposed the rail 33, whereby the frame 1 can be revolved andor moved horizontally or eccentrically, and the turntable 45 may be held in a stationary position by any suitable manner, g The, operationof he machine is as follows g V a Theupper crosshead 10 is reciprocated by means of the crankshaftlS driven from the motor 20, and on the downward movement of the crosshead 10 the main spring 12 andauxiliary springs are compressed as a result of theblow of the rainmer upon the material. WVhen the length of the stroke of the rammer is requiredto be decreased the hand lever 31 is moved downwards causing the toothed bar22 to first move obliquely when one of the teeth 23 .willengage with the paw 130 .on the bridge piece 28, continuingthe downward movement of the hand lever- 31 thetoothed ,bar 22 is drawn down vertically by the sliding of the; guide pin 26 in the vertical extension of, the guides 25 on the front of'the bar 22, and'the slidable frame 5 carrying the whole rammerdrive is'drawn down simultaneously and the rammer 71b, is thus pressed against the already rammed upper surface of the material on which it encounters resistance, and-at the same time the main spring 12 in consequence of this resistance of the rammer is pressed and prevented from complete swinging and therefor can only impart to therarniner a diminished stroke.

,7 i Converselythe arrangement can be employed to raise the ramming mechanism, if this (for instance for getting over' excess feeding of the, mould with material, or if the ram becomes jammed in theino'uld) is desired. By upward movement of the, hand lever 31 the toothed bar 22 is pushed upwardsbackwards, until-one of the backward teeth 24 engages with the'pawlf26. xFurther upward pressure ofthe hand lever 31 now effects a lifting of theframefi with the whole of the ramming mechanism. i i

slide frame, an upper and lower crosshead slidably mounted upon said guides, a main and auxiliary springs, the said crossheads being spaced apart by said main spring and auxiliary, springs, a rammer depending from the lower crosshead, means for reciprocating the upper-crosshead and means for raising. or lowering the slide from in relation to the frame during the drive. V g

2. A ramming machine comprising a frame, a counterweighted slide frame carried by said frame, vertical guides fixed to said slide frame, an upper and lower crosshead slidably mounted upon said vertical guides, a main spring and auxiliary springs spacing apart the crossheads, a rammer depending from the lower, crosshead, a toothed (bar. guide slots formed near the respective ends of said toothed bar, pins fixed to. the frame projecting through said guide slots, a locking member integral with the slide frame engaging with the toothed bar, means for lowering or raising together saidtoothed bar, means for retaining the toothed bar out of contact with the locking member'and means for reciprocating the upper crosshead carried by theslide frame. 7

3. A ramming imachine comprising a frame, a counterweightedslide frame carried V said frame, vertical guides fixed to'said slide frame, an upper and lower crosshead' slidably mounted upon'said vertical to the frame projecting through said guide slots, a locking member integral with the slide frame engagingwith the toothed bar, means, for lowering or raising together said toothed bar, means for retainingthe toothed bar out of' contact with the locking'member andnieans for reciprocating the upper crosshead carried'by the slide frame.

LA ramming machine comprising a frame, a counterweighted slide'frame carried by said frame, vertical guides fixed to said slide frame, an upper'and lower crosshead slidably mounted upon said vertical guides, a main spring and auxiliary springs spacing apart the crossheads, a rammer depending from the lower cross head, a double sided toothed bar,'the teeth one side being directed downwardly and on the other side directed upwardly, a bridge piece integral with the slide frame, pawls fi xedjtosaid bridge piece engaging with the toothed bar, guide vslots formed near the respective ends of the toothed bar, pins fiired to the frame projecting through said guide slots, means for re-" taining the toothed her out of contact with the bridge piece, a lever pivoted to said frame and to the toothed bar moving together the slide frame and double sided toothed bar and means forreciprocating the upper crosshead carried by the slide frame. In Witness whereof I afiix my si na'ture.

PAUL R dH rER. 

